Intextuality

Intertextuality is the  shaping of a text meaning by another text. The idea of this was first introduced by Julia Kristeva, she believed that a text is not an isolated entity "any text is the absorption and transformation of another". Direct intersexuality where texts refer directly to one another offers the pleasure of recognition to the audience .



There is often intersexuality in music videos. One example is Miley Cyrus "Wrecking Ball" the opening closely resembled Sinead O'Connor's "Nothing Compares 2U".
This references another music video that an older audience may recognize, therefore it might have been used to reach out to that audience.
However, I think it is more likely that it is a recycling of a good idea, with a new generation.




Music videos dont soley just reflect other music videos. Lady Gaga's applause references film, tv and art. 


Lady Gaga's telephone is rich in Intertextuality. The video references the Director Quentin Tarantino a number of times, the first is in the titles at the beginning, the yellow writing with red drop shadow references his film "Jackie Brown". The video later goes on to use the "Pussy Wagon"that is used in "Kill Bill" that Tarantino lent to Gaga while they were discussing the video. Beyonce's name "Honey B" is also a reference to the diner robber in Pulp Fiction "Honey Bunny".

 Among the myriad of Tarantino references are homages to Roy Lichtenstein and Andy Warhol. The video also facilitates numerous product placements, whether or not these are real or more a commentary on consumerism is debatable. Andy Warhol is nodded to with the colour scheme but also the excessive amount of product placement a reference to his Campbell Soup work (culture and advertising).

The diner scene also takes influence from many comic books with the subtitles and fonts, which also ties in nicely with Beyonce and Gaga's costumes which match Wonder Woman.




The cooking sequence is also a mash up of Japanese shows and comic books, Gaga is reversing female stereotypes here acting as the "Perfect Housewife" but actually killing man.

The video also provides a few extra references for fans, one being a reference to popular belief for a while that Lady Gaga was a man, "I told you she didn't have a dick."another being a nod to a photoshoot that Gaga did with David LaChapelle. Iconography of the USA is also very strong in the video.